{"id":1895,"date":"2020-09-29T08:33:54","date_gmt":"2020-09-29T08:33:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/?page_id=1895"},"modified":"2024-06-18T05:37:08","modified_gmt":"2024-06-18T05:37:08","slug":"for-clinicians","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/for-clinicians\/","title":{"rendered":"About ASPREE for clinicians"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#26619A&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;24vh||2vh||false|false&#8221; background_color_gradient_direction_tablet=&#8221;360deg&#8221; background_color_gradient_stops_tablet=&#8221;#2b87da 49%|#29c4a9 79%&#8221; background_color_gradient_start_position_tablet=&#8221;49%&#8221; background_color_gradient_end_position_tablet=&#8221;79%&#8221; background_size_tablet=&#8221;cover&#8221; background_position_tablet=&#8221;center_right&#8221; background_position_phone=&#8221;center_right&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;2_5,3_5&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;1&#8243; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px|4%|false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;0px|||0%|false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;30px||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_ds_breadcrumbs module_class=&#8221;light&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.5.1&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; locked=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_ds_breadcrumbs][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|700|||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;42px&#8221; header_line_height=&#8221;1.15em&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;520px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;3em||20px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;3em||||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;34px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; module_alignment_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; module_alignment_phone=&#8221;&#8221; module_alignment_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>FOR CLINICIANS<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; text_font_size=&#8221;24px&#8221; background_enable_image=&#8221;off&#8221; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; width=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width=&#8221;520px&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||40px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;16px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]The ASPREE project continues to explore new ways to improve health and quality of life for older adults.<br \/>\nIts success has depended heavily on Australian general practitioners and addresses issues and conditions commonly seen in their older patients.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/09\/IMG_4447copyrightMonash.jpg&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; height=&#8221;34em&#8221; height_tablet=&#8221;250px&#8221; height_phone=&#8221;250px&#8221; height_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_code][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; padding_right_2=&#8221;0px&#8221; padding_left_2=&#8221;0px&#8221; padding_top_bottom_link_2=&#8221;false&#8221; padding_left_right_link_2=&#8221;true&#8221; module_class=&#8221;texture-left&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; inner_max_width=&#8221;80%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||90px||false|false&#8221; border_color_bottom=&#8221;#bdbec0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; text_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#26619a&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_3_line_height=&#8221;2em&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||0px||&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>The ASPREE Project<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>\u2192\u00a0<a title=\"The ASPREE clinical trial (completed)\" href=\"#component1\">The ASPREE Clinical Trial (completed)\u00a0<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3>\u2192<a title=\"ASPREE clinical trial findings\" href=\"#results\"> Major ASPREE trial findings<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3>\u2192\u00a0<a title=\"The ASPREE-XT (eXTension) Follow-up Study\" href=\"#component2\">The ASPREE-XT (eXTension) Follow-up Study (ongoing)<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3>\u2192 <a title=\"Key features\" href=\"#keyfeatures\">Key features<\/a><\/h3>\n<h3>\u2192 <a title=\"Further information and FAQs\" href=\"#GPFAQs\">Further information and FAQs<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;PUT CONTENT BELOW AS A TEXT AND IMAGES&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|0px||0px|true|true&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;]<\/p>\n<h2>COMPONENTS OF THE ASPREE PROJECT:<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>a randomised, double-blind placebo controlled primary prevention trial of low-dose aspirin (ASPREE clinical trial) completed in mid-2017<\/li>\n<li>an ongoing follow-up observational study of ASPREE participants (ASPREE-XT)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"component1\">ASPREE CLINICAL TRIAL\u00a0 (2010 &#8211; 2017)<\/h3>\n<p>ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) involved 19,114 community dwelling older adults:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>16,703 participants, all aged 70+, across south-eastern parts of <a href=\"\/aus\/site-locations\/\">Australia<\/a> and<\/li>\n<li>2,411 participants aged 70+ (ethnic minorities aged 65+) recruited from clinics across the <a href=\"https:\/\/aspree.org\/usa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">USA<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Major points:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>All participants were free of overt cardiovascular disease, dementia and were otherwise healthy at enrolment.<\/li>\n<li>The primary objective was to determine whether 100mg aspirin prolonged life free of dementia and persistent physical disability in the healthy elderly.<\/li>\n<li>The trial also examined whether low-dose aspirin affected CVD, cognitive decline, depression, cancer, physical disability and major bleeding episodes.<\/li>\n<li>The median intervention period was 4.7 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"results\">Findings:<\/h3>\n<p>The principal results of ASPREE were published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2018. These provided the first high quality findings on the value of low-dose aspirin for primary prevention in healthy older patients, mostly aged 70+.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Aspirin did not prolong healthy life span free of dementia and persistent physical disability (<a title=\"Link to NEJM - Disability Free Survival ASPREE paper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1800722\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">McNeil\u00a0<em>et al<\/em>. 2018<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Mortality was slightly higher in the aspirin group than in the placebo group (5.9% aspirin: 5.7% placebo),\u00a0attributed primarily to cancer-related deaths (<a title=\"Link to NEJM - All cause mortality ASPREE paper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa1803955\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">McNeil\u00a0<em>et al<\/em>. 2018<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Aspirin did not significantly reduce the risk of heart disease or stroke.<\/li>\n<li>Aspirin significantly increased the risk of bleeding, primarily intracranial and in the GIT\u00a0 (<a title=\"Link to NEJM - CVD &amp; Bleeding ASPREE paper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa1805819\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">McNeil <em>et al<\/em>. 2018<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Media announcement of the trial&#8217;s results can be viewed <a title=\"NIA ASPREE findings media release \" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/09\/NIH-PRESS-RELEASE-ASPREE-NEJM09.2018.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-1355 noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A series of additional reports have been published describing the impact of low- dose aspirin on other conditions including depression, cognitive decline and sepsis. These can be accessed <a title=\"link to ASPREE publications\" href=\"\/aus\/publications\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Prominent\u00a0<a title=\"AHA\/ACC aspirin prevention guidelines\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jacc.org\/doi\/full\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.03.009\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">US guidelines<\/a> incorporated ASPREE findings, recommending against routine use of aspirin for primary prevention in healthy adults aged 70 and older.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"component2\">ASPREE-XT (eXTension) FOLLOW-UP STUDY (2017 &#8211; 2024)<\/h3>\n<p>Most participants of the ASPREE trial are continuing to be followed in person or through their medical records.\u00a0 This is referred to as the ASPREE-XT phase of the study.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The primary objective is to determine whether there are delayed (legacy) effects of daily 100mg aspirin treatment, particularly on the incidence and mortality from bowel cancer.<\/li>\n<li>An additional objective is to study the impact of various lifestyle, environmental and genomic factors on the physical and cognitive health of older adults.<\/li>\n<li>Involves annual collection of clinical, neurocognitive and physical function measures, mood, quality of life, physical ability, demographic and lifestyle details, pathology (FBE, HbA1c, creatinine, ACR)<\/li>\n<li>Details of relevant clinical events are sourced from medical records.<\/li>\n<li>Participant health outcomes are adjudicated on evidence provided by medical records.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00a0<\/h3>\n<h3>Funding<\/h3>\n<p>The ASPREE project\u00a0is public-<a href=\"\/aus\/about-us\/funding-and-collaborators\/\">funded<\/a> by the <a title=\"NIA website\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Institute on Aging<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a title=\"NCI website\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Cancer Institute<\/a>\u00a0(NIA and NCI; both part of the US National Institutes of Health) the\u00a0<a title=\"NHMRC website\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.victoriancanceragency.vic.gov.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Victorian Cancer Agency<\/a> and <a title=\"Monash University website\" href=\"https:\/\/www.monash.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Monash University<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_color=&#8221;#26619a&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/07\/texture-2.png&#8221; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_right&#8221; background_blend=&#8221;overlay&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;HEADER&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;d100a70a-4a1b-4c0a-852d-deb7ebdb8d36&#8243; background_layout=&#8221;dark&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"keyfeatures\">Key features<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; make_equal=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;5fc07e0a-53a2-4b20-aac9-883fa2ab9fbb&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;Image (as background)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/USA1.jpg&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; height=&#8221;220px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;5%|5%|5%|5%|true|true&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASPREE Features<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Largest USA\/Australian collaborative randomised clinical trial yet reported<\/li>\n<li>Involved collaboration with more than 2000 Australian GPs<\/li>\n<li>Multiple university, institute and teaching hospital partners in <a href=\"\/aus\/about-us\/funding-and-collaborators\">Australia and the USA<\/a><\/li>\n<li>100% public funded research<\/li>\n<li>Contributed to revised <a title=\"AHA\/ACC aspirin prevention guidelines\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jacc.org\/doi\/full\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.03.009\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">primary prevention aspirin guidelines<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;5fc07e0a-53a2-4b20-aac9-883fa2ab9fbb&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;Image (as background)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/08\/hal-gatewood-iPl3q-gEGzY-unsplashcrop.jpg&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; height=&#8221;220px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;5%|5%|5%|5%|true|true&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASPREE publications in NEJM<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Published September 18, 2018<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1800722?query=featured_home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Effect of Aspirin on Disability-free Survival in the Healthy Elderly (primary paper)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1803955?query=featured_home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Effect of Aspirin on All-Cause Mortality in the Healthy Elderly<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1805819?query=featured_home\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Effect of Aspirin on Cardiovascular Events and Bleeding in the Healthy Elderly<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;5fc07e0a-53a2-4b20-aac9-883fa2ab9fbb&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_code admin_label=&#8221;Image (as background)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_image=&#8221;https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/09\/022_knee-MRI_359292copyrightMonash.jpg&#8221; width=&#8221;100%&#8221; height=&#8221;220px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Text&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.8em&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_4_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#ffffff&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;5%|5%|5%|5%|true|true&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ASPREE Sub-studies<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>ASPREE embedded a large number of additional<a title=\"link to sub-studies page\" href=\"\/aus\/about-the-aspree-project\/sub-studies\/\"> sub-studies<\/a> exploring whether low-dose aspirin affected various aspects of health including: hearing loss, age-related macular degeneration, falls and fractures, cancer, sepsis, microbiome and more.<\/p>\n<p>Nine out of every ten Australian participants enrolled in at least one sub-study during the ASPREE trial.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; specialty=&#8221;on&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;TABBED CONTENT (LIGHT)&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab1&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tabs&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; inner_max_width=&#8221;80%&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||90px||false|false&#8221; border_width_bottom=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_bottom=&#8221;#bdbec0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; text_text_color=&#8221;#26619a&#8221; header_2_font=&#8221;||||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_3_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"GPFAQs\">Further information for clinicians<\/h3>\n<p>Select question below<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;DO NOT DELETE&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;on&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;What does the ASPREE project involve?&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<a href=\"#\">What does the ASPREE project involve?<\/a><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;implications for general practice&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<a href=\"#\">What are the implications of ASPREE results for general practice?<\/a>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;cancer outcomes&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">Why is ASPREE and ASPREE-XT looking at cancer outcomes?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;What happens cognitive decline&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">What happens when a patient may have cognitive decline?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Collecting participant medical records&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">How does ASPREE collect participant medical records?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Study endpoints&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">What happens when patients reach a study endpoint?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;sub-studies &#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">What sub-studies were incorporated into the ASPREE project?<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_divider _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;1em||-1em||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;XT protocol&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#\">ASPREE-XT Study Protocol<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Trial protocol&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<a href=\"#\">ASPREE Clinical Trial Protocol<\/a><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;contact us&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-link&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; link_text_color=&#8221;#2F2F2F&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0.5em||0.5em||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<a href=\"#\">Contact the ASPREE team<\/a>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; specialty_columns=&#8221;2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_row_inner _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider divider_weight=&#8221;6px&#8221; disabled_on=&#8221;off|off|on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;what project involves&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q: What does the ASPREE project involve?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong>\u00a0 ASPREE-XT is conducted similarly\u00a0to the ASPREE clinical trial, but participants are no longer taking study tablets (100mg aspirin or a matched placebo).<\/p>\n<h3>Your role in ASPREE-XT<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Oversee your patients\u2019 routine health care, including pathology. Patients do not take study tablets in ASPREE-XT.<\/li>\n<li>Receive a summary of your patient\u2019s clinical and performance measures, e.g. cognitive changes, BP, weight, CESD-10\u00a0<em>etc<\/em>, detected at ASPREE-XT study visits.<\/li>\n<li>As a co-investigator to ASPREE-XT, you are acknowledged for your contribution to significant public health research.<\/li>\n<li>You will be sent updates on the progress of ASPREE-XT and ASPREE publications (approx. 6 monthly).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u00a0Your patient\u2019s role in ASPREE-XT<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Most ASPREE participants expressed a desire to continue in the follow-up ASPREE-XT study.<\/li>\n<li>Your ASPREE-XT patients have given consent to access their medical records, +\/- receive 6 monthly phone calls, and where appropriate, attend face-to-face annual study visits with our research staff.<\/li>\n<li>Your patient undertakes clinical, neurocognitive and physical function measurements, pathology, and completes questionnaires for mood, quality of life, physical ability and provides personal health, demographic and lifestyle details.<\/li>\n<li>Medical records provide critical data for ASPREE-XT researchers to accurately adjudicate patient health outcomes for inclusion in the analysis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>General practice underpins the ASPREE project.\u00a0 We thank practice staff and GPs supporting this important research.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Implications for practice &#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q: What are the implications of ASPREE findings for general practice?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong>\u00a0 Results from the ASPREE trial are applicable to ONLY primary prevention.<br \/>Ninety percent of the participants in ASPREE had not previously taken aspirin regularly. Therefore, strictly, the ASPREE results apply most clearly to those initiating aspirin for the first time. Advice about whether to continue low-dose aspirin in a person who has been taking it regularly for some time is uncertain.<br \/>The use of low-dose aspirin for secondary prevention (after a myocardial infarction, stroke, angina, TIA etc) is much better established and should continue.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Cancer outcomes&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q: Why are ASPREE and ASPREE-XT looking at cancer outcomes?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<h5><em>Meta-analyses published in The Lancet by other researchers such as Rothwell et al. provided evidence in support of low-dose aspirin preventing cancers of the colon, oesophagus, lung and stomach.<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>ASPREE <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nejm.org\/doi\/full\/10.1056\/nejmoa1803955\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported<\/a> a slightly higher death rate amongst the aspirin-treated group than in those taking placebo.\u00a0 It was mostly explained by more rapid progress of cancers that were already advanced when they were <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djaa114\/5889955\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">diagnosed<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This finding was based on small numbers and could have occurred by chance. Also, in many previous aspirin trials, no similar findings have been observed and there is considerable evidence suggesting the aspirin may lead to a reduction in cancer.<\/p>\n<p>However, studies that have described a reduction in cancer mortality (particularly colorectal cancer mortality) have found that the effect starts to appear only 5-10 years after a period of prolonged intake of aspirin. Mostly these findings have originated from studies in younger populations.<\/p>\n<p>At present the existence of a cancer-reducing effect of aspirin is <a href=\"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jnci\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/jnci\/djab010\/6123750\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">controversial, especially since the findings of ASPREE were published.<\/a> The continued follow-up of ASPREE participants after a median 4.7 years of intervention will determine whether the early increase in cancer mortality is followed by a later decline.<\/p>\n<p>View selected cancer papers <a title=\"link to select cancer papers\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/02\/Selected-references-aspirin-and-cancer-15.02.2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Cog decline&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>What happens when your patient may have cognitive decline?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>At every annual study visit, our research staff track the cognitive state of study participants by administering the 3MS; an internationally accepted neuro-cognitive screening tool that uses a 100 point scale.\u00a0 The 3MS is more sensitive to cognitive change\u00a0than the MMSE, which uses a 30 point scale.<\/p>\n<p>If a participant\u2019s 3MS score declines to a predetermined level (set by population normative data) at any point during the study then:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The participant is invited to undertake further cognitive measures with specially trained ASPREE research staff.<\/li>\n<li>ASPREE staff will notify the participant\u2019s general practitioner of the\u00a03MS decline and recommend further follow-up such as referral for specialist or assessment clinic review, brain imaging and dementia screening pathology.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>NOTE: In Victoria, CDAMS offers a free dementia service and will welcome referrals from all GPs. Services in other states may be fee-based.<\/p>\n<p>Subsequently:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Findings from additional cognitive measures are provided to the participant\u2019s general practitioner and if a specialist referral is not appropriate or possible, the general practitioner will be asked to provide a clinical opinion on a short questionnaire (DSM-IV proforma).<\/li>\n<li>ASPREE staff seek medical documentation\u00a0relevant to dementia investigations from medical practices, specialists and assessment clinics.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Findings from routine cognitive measures (i.e. 3MS) and the specialised cognitive review, dementia investigative reports and the GP completed DSM-IV proforma (if available) are then collated and form the basis for specialist adjudication on whether the participant has reached a dementia \u2018endpoint\u2019 during the ASPREE-XT study period.<\/p>\n<p>ASPREE does not initiate clinical assessment or treatment of cognitive decline.\u00a0\u00a0The literature highlights the value of early diagnosis of dementia, as there are now effective interventions that may improve patient quality of life. Recent research also shows a reversible cause may be present in some cases.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;medical records&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;4px|||||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>How does ASPREE collect participant medical records?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:<\/strong> All study participants have consented for trained ASPREE staff members to review their medical records and collect documentation of clinical events from their GP practice, specialist and hospital.<\/p>\n<p>Medical records provide the documentation necessary for ASPREE investigators with the relevant clinical expertise, to adjudicate whether a participant has reached a predetermined study \u2018endpoint\u2019, such as cancer or dementia. This process is critical to the project\u2019s findings and maintenance of high quality data.<\/p>\n<p>Our research staff use key terms to search medical records for evidence of clinical health events\u00a0studied in the ASPREE project. For instance, key search terms used to identify stroke events include &#8216;stroke&#8217;, &#8216;CVA&#8217;, &#8216;cerebrovascular accident&#8217; and &#8216;cerebral infarct&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p>GPs are always welcome to proactively advise ASPREE of their patient\u2019s clinical event, however, we understand that most practices are too busy. Our trained staff securely and confidentially collect this information when they review the participant\u2019s medical record.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;study endpoint&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q: What happens when patients reach a study endpoint?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:\u00a0<\/strong>We ask all participants to continue in the study, attending scheduled study visits where ever possible.<\/p>\n<p>Tracking the ongoing health of each participant after a study endpoint is pivotal.\u00a0<span style=\"font-size: 16px\">All health data from ASPREE participants collected for the duration of the project greatly contribute to the study\u2019s quality and findings.<\/span><br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;FAQ TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_id=&#8221;scroll_tab2&#8243; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Frequently asked questions<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;sub-studies&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Q: What sub-studies were incorporated into the ASPREE project?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A:\u00a0 <\/strong>Large-scale research projects take many years and cost tens of millions of dollars. Because of the cost and the logistics, such studies are infrequently undertaken. ASPREE was a rare opportunity to undertake many ancillary studies to provide important public health information.\u00a0 Study participants largely found sub-studies interesting and engaging. View ASPREE sub-studies <a title=\"link to ASPREE sub-studies\" href=\"\/aus\/sub-studies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here<\/a>.<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;DIVIDER FROM FAQ&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_divider show_divider=&#8221;off&#8221; admin_label=&#8221;DO NOT DELETE&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_divider][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>ASPREE-XT Study Protocol<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;XT protocol&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<p>ASPREE-XT is a longitudinal, observational follow-up study of ASPREE participants to determine whether there are long-lasting (legacy) effects of a median 4.7 years of treatment with daily low-dose aspirin on the key outcome measures of:<\/p>\n<p>1) cancer, metastases and cancer mortality<\/p>\n<p>2) the composite primary ASPREE-XT outcome of dementia, disability or\u00a0death<\/p>\n<p>3) secondary ASPREE-XT outcomes of all-cause mortality, dementia, physical disability,\u00a0cancer,\u00a0mild cognitive impairment, depression and frailty, incidence of cardiovascular disease including fatal and non-fatal stroke, major haemorrhage.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An additional objective is to study the impact of demographic, comorbid, environmental and genomic factors on the maintenance of cognition and other aspects of health amongst\u00a0older adults.<\/li>\n<li>Study methodology is based closely on the ASPREE clinical trial.<\/li>\n<li>Involves annual data collection of clinical, neurocognitive and physical function measures, mood, quality of life, physical ability, demographic and lifestyle details, pathology (FBE, HbA1c, creatinine, ACR) and\/or clinical events via medical records.<\/li>\n<li>ASPREE-XT is funded by the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFjhAezSnFQ6YbXK0hf6WD2KTDziA\">National Institute on Aging\u00a0<\/a>and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEw8QyH7LtyaDDtT6v6qdhgPmGO5g\">National Cancer Institute\u00a0<\/a>(NIA and NCI; part of the National Institutes of Health, USA) and the<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGBFwfCpAU1tUNmqWkh6Pzu9AJH9w\">\u00a0National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>The study is being conducted in the community with the help of more than 4000 Australian general practitioners.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Download the <a title=\"The ASPREE XT Protocol \" href=\"https:\/\/aspree.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/08\/ASPREE-XT-Protocol-v7-Feb-2023.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ASPREE-XT Study Protocol<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>ASPREE Clinical Trial Protocol<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;Trial protocol&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h3>Summary<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>ASPREE (ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly) was a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled primary prevention trial to determine whether daily active treatment of 100 mg enteric-coated aspirin extended the duration of disability-free life in healthy older adults.<\/li>\n<li>It comprised of 19,114 community dwelling participants: 16,703 Australians aged 70+ and 2,411 USA participants aged 70+ (ethnic minorities aged 65+).<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0All participants were free of overt cardiovascular disease, dementia and were otherwise healthy and able to perform\u00a0basic activities of daily living\u00a0(ADLs)\u00a0independently at enrolment into ASPREE.<\/li>\n<li>The primary objective was to determine whether 100mg aspirin prolonged life free of dementia, or life free of significant, persistent physical disability in the healthy elderly.<\/li>\n<li>Secondary objectives related to the effects of low-dose aspirin on the key outcome areas of death, cardiovascular disease, dementia and cognitive decline,\u00a0depression,\u00a0cancer, physical disability and major bleeding episodes.<\/li>\n<li>Additional measures to those included in the primary and secondary objectives were haemoglobin levels, urine albumin:creatinine ratios, cognitive\u00a0and\u00a0physical function and hospitalisations.<\/li>\n<li>The study examined whether the potential benefits of low-dose aspirin outweighed the risks in this age group.<\/li>\n<li>Participants were\u00a0eligible for the trial if they did not have a current clinical indication for or contraindication (i.e. allergy or increased risk of bleeding) to aspirin, did not have dementia, significant physical disability, low haemoglobin levels, or have a condition that was likely to be fatal during the five years of the trial, and were capable of attending their usual General Practitioner\u2019s (GP\u2019s) clinic\u00a0and providing informed consent.<\/li>\n<li>Sample size estimate required 19,000 participants to provide 90% power of a true relative risk benefit of 0.90 for the primary endpoint (a composite of all-cause mortality, incident dementia and persistent physical disability) in an intention-to-treat analysis with an average follow-up of 5 years.<\/li>\n<li>The trial received financial support from the\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.nia.nih.gov\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFjhAezSnFQ6YbXK0hf6WD2KTDziA\">National Institute on Aging\u00a0<\/a>and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/www.cancer.gov\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNEw8QyH7LtyaDDtT6v6qdhgPmGO5g\">National Cancer Institute\u00a0<\/a>(NIA and NCI; part of the National Institutes of Health, USA), the <a title=\"NHMRC website\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNGBFwfCpAU1tUNmqWkh6Pzu9AJH9w\">National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.monash.edu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Monash University<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a title=\"VCA website\" href=\"http:\/\/www.victoriancanceragency.org.au\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=http:\/\/www.victoriancanceragency.org.au\/&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1613628187106000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHEssIJusC3vfFHs-t5fVbXxtNxeg\">Victorian Cancer Agency<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Bayer Pharma (Germany) provided in-kind support through the provision of low-dose aspirin and matching placebo and had no other involvement in the trial.<\/li>\n<li>ASPREE was conducted in community settings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Download the\u00a0<a title=\"The ASPREE Protocol \" href=\"aus\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2020\/09\/ASPREE-Protocol-AUS-Version-9-Nov-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ASPREE Clinical Trial Protocol<\/a><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][et_pb_row_inner admin_label=&#8221;TAB CONTENT&#8221; module_class=&#8221;tab-content&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;840px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column_inner saved_specialty_column_type=&#8221;2_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_2_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_2_font_size=&#8221;32px&#8221; header_2_font_size_tablet=&#8221;28px&#8221; header_2_font_size_phone=&#8221;24px&#8221; header_2_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>Contact the ASPREE team<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text admin_label=&#8221;contact us&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_text_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]We are very happy to answer your questions. Contact a member of our team.<\/p>\n<p>P: 1800 728 745 (toll free from a landline)<\/p>\n<p>E: aspree@monash.edu<br \/>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column_inner][\/et_pb_row_inner][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; min_height=&#8221;100px&#8221; height=&#8221;100px&#8221; max_height=&#8221;100px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;-1px||-1px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.20.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Page updated: 1 August 2023<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;90px||70px||false|false&#8221; border_width_top=&#8221;1px&#8221; border_color_top=&#8221;#cecece&#8221; saved_tabs=&#8221;all&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;d100a70a-4a1b-4c0a-852d-deb7ebdb8d36&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2>NEWS FOR CLINICIANS<\/h2>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_blog fullwidth=&#8221;off&#8221; posts_number=&#8221;3&#8243; excerpt_length=&#8221;100&#8243; show_author=&#8221;off&#8221; show_date=&#8221;off&#8221; show_categories=&#8221;off&#8221; masonry_tile_background_color=&#8221;rgba(0,0,0,0)&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.16&#8243; header_level=&#8221;h4&#8243; header_font=&#8221;|600|||||||&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;22px&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||40px||false|false&#8221; header_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; header_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; header_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; border_width_all=&#8221;0px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_blog][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A summary about the ASPREE Trial and the follow-up ASPREE-XT observational study for GPs, doctors and primary care physicians<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1895"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1895"}],"version-history":[{"count":293,"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1895\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10163,"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1895\/revisions\/10163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aspree.org\/aus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}